{"id":5833,"date":"2008-12-01T14:54:00","date_gmt":"2008-12-01T13:54:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/fr\/?post_type=publications&#038;p=5833"},"modified":"2024-06-10T12:02:12","modified_gmt":"2024-06-10T10:02:12","slug":"les-juridictions-et-juges-de-proximite-note-de-synthese","status":"publish","type":"publications","link":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/publications\/les-juridictions-et-juges-de-proximite-note-de-synthese\/","title":{"rendered":"Les juridictions et juges de proximit\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cinq ann\u00e9es apr\u00e8s la mise en place des juridictions de proximit\u00e9, il est apparu utile, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9quipe de recherche de r\u00e9aliser une \u00e9tude de l\u2019activit\u00e9 concr\u00e8te d ces juridictions afin de d\u00e9terminer si elles constituent bien une r\u00e9ponse nouvelle de l\u2019institution judiciaire pour tenter de r\u00e9soudre le probl\u00e8me de l\u2019acc\u00e8s au juge des \u00ab&nbsp;petits litiges&nbsp;\u00bb ou si, \u00e0 l\u2019inverse, elles ne font finalement que traiter les litiges qui relevaient jusque-l\u00e0 des tribunaux d\u2019instance, et cela sans m\u00eame fournir d\u2019apport particulier dans la fa\u00e7on de traiter ces litiges.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cette \u00e9tude apporte d\u2019abord des renseignements sur le contentieux trait\u00e9 par les juridictions de proximit\u00e9. On constate un fort accroissement du nombre de d\u00e9cisions rendues par ces juridictions entre 2005 et 2007 mais, pour un contentieux global TI- JP rest\u00e9 sans \u00e9volution notable. Le principal poste de contentieux soumis aux juridictions de proximit\u00e9 est celui des contrats (environ 70% des affaires termin\u00e9es), suivi par celui de la protection sociale et celui des litiges de copropri\u00e9t\u00e9. L\u2019analyse de 2232 d\u00e9cisions rendues, sur plusieurs postes de comp\u00e9tences, par 17 juridictions \u00e9tablit que, dans la tr\u00e8s grande majorit\u00e9 des cas, les litiges port\u00e9s devant la juridiction de proximit\u00e9, ne soul\u00e8ve aucun probl\u00e8me juridique s\u00e9rieux, mais plut\u00f4t des questions de fait et de preuve Le montant principal des demandes est, dans plus de la moiti\u00e9 des jugements analys\u00e9s, de moins de 100 \u20ac. Les demandeurs ne sont repr\u00e9sent\u00e9s par un avocat que dans 55&nbsp;% des cas et les d\u00e9fendeurs dans 46&nbsp;% des dossiers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>L\u2019\u00e9tude permet aussi de mieux conna\u00eetre le fonctionnement concret des juridictions. Des enqu\u00eates de terrain r\u00e9alis\u00e9es dans 24 juridictions (de cour d\u2019appel diff\u00e9rentes), il r\u00e9sulte le constat d\u2019un r\u00e9el effort des juges en faveur d\u2019une justice proche des justiciables, notamment sur le plan des contacts humains (les juges pratiquent effectivement un accueil bienveillant et une \u00e9coute particuli\u00e8re des plaideurs non repr\u00e9sent\u00e9s ou assit\u00e9s d\u2019un avocat). Cet effort est tr\u00e8s facilit\u00e9 par la r\u00e8gle g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement adopt\u00e9e de limiter le nombre de dossiers par audience \u00e0 30 ou 40 (soit la moiti\u00e9 du nombre de dossiers habituels d\u2019une audience d\u2019un TI.). Par ailleurs l\u2019analyse des d\u00e9cisions rendues par 17 juridictions ne fait pas appara\u00eetre d\u2019incomp\u00e9tence manifeste des juges de proximit\u00e9 \u00e0 r\u00e9gler le contentieux qui leur est soumis , m\u00eame si on note une motivation juridique insuffisante des d\u00e9cisions. Mais ces observations, ne signifient pas pour autant que la juridictions de proximit\u00e9 assure v\u00e9ritablement un meilleur acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la justice des petits litiges de la vie quotidienne car, l\u2019instauration d\u2019une juridiction suppl\u00e9mentaire a complexifi\u00e9 le traitement des litiges, notamment en g\u00e9n\u00e9rant nombre de difficult\u00e9s de r\u00e9partition des comp\u00e9tences. En outre, les r\u00e8gles de tenue et de d\u00e9roulement des audiences, qui sont celles applicables aux tribunaux d\u2019instance, laissent subsister les difficult\u00e9s d\u2019acc\u00e8s au juge pour les particuliers qui se d\u00e9fendent seuls, en raison de la faible valeur p\u00e9cuniaire de leur litige. En conclusion, l\u2019\u00e9quipe de recherche propose, pour favoriser l\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la justice des litiges de la vie quotidienne en mati\u00e8re civile, de supprimer les juridictions de proximit\u00e9, mais de maintenir les juges de proximit\u00e9 comme juges assistants des juges d\u2019instance charg\u00e9s d\u2019assurer le jugement de tels litiges dans le cadre \u00ab\u00a0d\u2019audiences de proximit\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb se tenant selon une proc\u00e9dure adapt\u00e9e (les jugements rendus \u00e9tant toujours susceptibles d\u2019un recours entour\u00e9 d\u2019un minimum de formalisme, port\u00e9 devant le juge d\u2019instance).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-orange-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-bb338f71935ae9ffcb58ddd2d4cbf0cd wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Cette recherche est issue de l&#8217;appel \u00e0 projet sur le th\u00e8me : Juges de proximit\u00e9<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-83542b53-a86e-4649-8c7e-2a7872e9e884\" href=\"https:\/\/ierdj.fra1.digitaloceanspaces.com\/media_library\/2023\/03\/06-22-NS.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">06.22_synth\u00e8se<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/ierdj.fra1.digitaloceanspaces.com\/media_library\/2023\/03\/06-22-NS.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-83542b53-a86e-4649-8c7e-2a7872e9e884\">T\u00e9l\u00e9charger<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-8f2dc20f-a974-4847-8043-b3aed404657c\" href=\"https:\/\/ierdj.fra1.digitaloceanspaces.com\/media_library\/2024\/06\/06.22.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">06.22_rapport<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/ierdj.fra1.digitaloceanspaces.com\/media_library\/2024\/06\/06.22.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-8f2dc20f-a974-4847-8043-b3aed404657c\">T\u00e9l\u00e9charger<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","disciplines":[114],"collections":[119],"publication_tag":[948,672,1699,1664,617,1455],"auteurs":[1700],"class_list":["post-5833","publications","type-publications","status-publish","hentry","disciplines-droit","collections-rapports-de-recherche","publication_tag-droit-dacces-au-juge","publication_tag-juges","publication_tag-juges-assistants","publication_tag-justice-de-proximite","publication_tag-protection-sociale","publication_tag-tribunaux-dinstance","auteurs-marc-vericel"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Les juridictions et juges de proximit\u00e9 - INSTITUT ROBERT BADINTER<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Cinq ann\u00e9es apr\u00e8s la mise en place des juridictions de proximit\u00e9, il est apparu utile, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9quipe de recherche de r\u00e9aliser une \u00e9tude de l\u2019activit\u00e9\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/publications\/les-juridictions-et-juges-de-proximite-note-de-synthese\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Les juridictions et juges de proximit\u00e9 - INSTITUT ROBERT BADINTER\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Cinq ann\u00e9es apr\u00e8s la mise en place des juridictions de proximit\u00e9, il est apparu utile, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9quipe de recherche de r\u00e9aliser une \u00e9tude de l\u2019activit\u00e9\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/publications\/les-juridictions-et-juges-de-proximite-note-de-synthese\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"INSTITUT ROBERT BADINTER\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-06-10T10:02:12+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\\\/en\\\/publications\\\/les-juridictions-et-juges-de-proximite-note-de-synthese\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\\\/en\\\/publications\\\/les-juridictions-et-juges-de-proximite-note-de-synthese\\\/\",\"name\":\"Les juridictions et juges de proximit\u00e9 - INSTITUT ROBERT BADINTER\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2008-12-01T13:54:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-06-10T10:02:12+00:00\",\"description\":\"Cinq ann\u00e9es apr\u00e8s la mise en place des juridictions de proximit\u00e9, il est apparu utile, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9quipe de recherche de r\u00e9aliser une \u00e9tude de l\u2019activit\u00e9\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\\\/en\\\/publications\\\/les-juridictions-et-juges-de-proximite-note-de-synthese\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\\\/en\\\/publications\\\/les-juridictions-et-juges-de-proximite-note-de-synthese\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\\\/en\\\/publications\\\/les-juridictions-et-juges-de-proximite-note-de-synthese\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Accueil\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Publications\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\\\/en\\\/publications\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Les juridictions et juges de proximit\u00e9\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"INSTITUT ROBERT BADINTER\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"IRB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\\\/en\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"INSTITUT ROBERT BADINTER\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\\\/en\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/06\\\/logo-c10014.svg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/06\\\/logo-c10014.svg\",\"caption\":\"INSTITUT ROBERT BADINTER\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Les juridictions et juges de proximit\u00e9 - INSTITUT ROBERT BADINTER","description":"Cinq ann\u00e9es apr\u00e8s la mise en place des juridictions de proximit\u00e9, il est apparu utile, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9quipe de recherche de r\u00e9aliser une \u00e9tude de l\u2019activit\u00e9","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/publications\/les-juridictions-et-juges-de-proximite-note-de-synthese\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Les juridictions et juges de proximit\u00e9 - INSTITUT ROBERT BADINTER","og_description":"Cinq ann\u00e9es apr\u00e8s la mise en place des juridictions de proximit\u00e9, il est apparu utile, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9quipe de recherche de r\u00e9aliser une \u00e9tude de l\u2019activit\u00e9","og_url":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/publications\/les-juridictions-et-juges-de-proximite-note-de-synthese\/","og_site_name":"INSTITUT ROBERT BADINTER","article_modified_time":"2024-06-10T10:02:12+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/publications\/les-juridictions-et-juges-de-proximite-note-de-synthese\/","url":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/publications\/les-juridictions-et-juges-de-proximite-note-de-synthese\/","name":"Les juridictions et juges de proximit\u00e9 - INSTITUT ROBERT BADINTER","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/#website"},"datePublished":"2008-12-01T13:54:00+00:00","dateModified":"2024-06-10T10:02:12+00:00","description":"Cinq ann\u00e9es apr\u00e8s la mise en place des juridictions de proximit\u00e9, il est apparu utile, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9quipe de recherche de r\u00e9aliser une \u00e9tude de l\u2019activit\u00e9","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/publications\/les-juridictions-et-juges-de-proximite-note-de-synthese\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/publications\/les-juridictions-et-juges-de-proximite-note-de-synthese\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/publications\/les-juridictions-et-juges-de-proximite-note-de-synthese\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Accueil","item":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Publications","item":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/publications\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Les juridictions et juges de proximit\u00e9"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/","name":"INSTITUT ROBERT BADINTER","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/#organization"},"alternateName":"IRB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/#organization","name":"INSTITUT ROBERT BADINTER","url":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/logo-c10014.svg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/logo-c10014.svg","caption":"INSTITUT ROBERT BADINTER"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publications\/5833","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publications"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/publications"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5833"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"disciplines","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/disciplines?post=5833"},{"taxonomy":"collections","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/collections?post=5833"},{"taxonomy":"publication_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication_tag?post=5833"},{"taxonomy":"auteurs","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/auteurs?post=5833"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}