L\u2019ann\u00e9e 2018 a \u00e9t\u00e9 marqu\u00e9e par la d\u00e9nonciation, parfois virulente, de pratiques qualifi\u00e9es de \u201cviolences gyn\u00e9cologiques et obst\u00e9tricales\u201d. Sous ce d\u00e9nominatif se retrouve une grande vari\u00e9t\u00e9 d\u2019actes et de comportements, regroupant tant des attitudes ou propos consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme d\u00e9plac\u00e9s par certaines patientes que des actes graves attentatoires \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9grit\u00e9 physique des personnes. Cette recherche constitue une \u00e9tude juridique approfondie du droit susceptible d\u2019\u00eatre mobilis\u00e9 dans ce champ. Elle permet de recenser, de cat\u00e9goriser des situations d\u00e9nonc\u00e9es au titre des \u00ab violences gyn\u00e9cologiques et obst\u00e9tricales \u00bb et de les qualifier juridiquement pour contribuer \u00e0 assurer tant le respect des droits des patients que la promotion de bonnes pratiques professionnelles. La recherche met en lumi\u00e8re une analyse crois\u00e9e des diff\u00e9rentes branches du droit applicables en ce domaine et en particulier le droit civil, le droit administratif, le droit p\u00e9nal et le droit disciplinaire. La recherche int\u00e8gre \u00e9galement l\u2019ensemble de la jurisprudence \u2013 ordinale et \u00e9tatique – qui pr\u00e9cise les conditions d\u2019application des diff\u00e9rentes sanctions des \u00ab violences gyn\u00e9cologiques et obst\u00e9tricales \u00bb par le droit. Elle est, de plus, enrichie par l\u2019implication de tous les acteurs concern\u00e9s. La parole des patientes a \u00e9t\u00e9 prise en compte par l\u2019int\u00e9gration de t\u00e9moignages recueillis dans le cadre d\u2019entretiens, ou aupr\u00e8s d\u2019associations de soutien aux victimes, mais \u00e9galement par le recensement de plaintes formul\u00e9es dans des courriers adress\u00e9s \u00e0 plusieurs services juridiques de maternit\u00e9s. Quant \u00e0 celle des professionnels de sant\u00e9 concern\u00e9s, elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 prise en compte \u00e0 chaque \u00e9tape de la construction de la recherche, par le recours \u00e0 leurs t\u00e9moignages dans les vid\u00e9os des \u00ab grands t\u00e9moins \u00bb, par des entretiens individuels mais aussi et surtout par la participation de repr\u00e9sentants des professions concern\u00e9es \u00e0 chacune de nos r\u00e9unions de travail. Aussi, cette recherche permet l\u2019\u00e9laboration d\u2019un cadre juridique rigoureux, nourri de la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 des conditions concr\u00e8tes de prise en charge des patientes. Notre analyse juridique r\u00e9v\u00e8le deux dimensions distinctes dans les liens qui unissent droit et \u00ab violences gyn\u00e9cologiques et obst\u00e9tricales \u00bb. Le droit est d\u2019abord apparu comme un outil de pr\u00e9vention qui, malheureusement, est encore souvent trop mal connu ou mal compris. A ce droit outil de pr\u00e9vention vient correspondre, quasiment en miroir, le droit comme instrument de sanction dont la recherche a pu constater simultan\u00e9ment la pertinence et les limites. Cet \u00e9tat des lieux du droit positif applicable en mati\u00e8re de \u00ab violences gyn\u00e9cologiques et obst\u00e9tricales \u00bb ouvre des perspectives \u00e0 la fois en termes de renforcement de l\u2019autonomie des patientes et de libre choix du praticien, pour une meilleure pr\u00e9vention des actes et des situations d\u00e9nonc\u00e9es, mais aussi en termes de renouvellement des sanctions. En effet, si des m\u00e9canismes juridiques bien \u00e9tablis existent pour appr\u00e9hender et sanctionner certaines fautes des professionnels de sant\u00e9, ils sont souvent mal connus et des obstacles proc\u00e9duraux sont susceptibles de limiter leur mobilisation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
In 2018, a significant movement of public denunciation of gynaecological and obstetrical violence has emerged. Behind the words \u201cgynaecological and obstetrical violence\u201d, a great variety of acts and attitudes toward women are criticised, ranging from inappropriate speeches to physical assault. This research
offers a legal study of the law likely to be mobilized in this field. It makes it possible to identify and categorize situations denounced as \u201cgynecological and obstetrical violence\u201d and to qualify them legally to help to secure patients\u2019 rights as well as good professional practices. The research highlights a cross-analysis of the different branches of law applicable in this field and in particular civil law, administrative law, criminal law and disciplinary law. The research also integrates case law \u2013 through the study of courts\u2019 decisions and disciplinary sanctions \u2013 which specifies the conditions for the application of various sanctions for \u201cgynecological and obstetrical violence\u201d by law. In addition, the research decided to involve all actors concerned. Patients’ voices were taken into account by integrating testimonies collected in the context of interviews, or from victim support associations, but also by listing complaints made in letters sent to several legal departments in maternities. The points of view of doctors and midwives concerned were taken into account at each stage of this research construction, by the use of their testimonies in the videos of the \u00ab\u00a0key witnesses\u00a0\u00bb, by individual interviews but also and above all by the participation of representatives of the professions concerned in every work meeting. Thus, this research offers a rigorous legal framework, nourished by the reality of concrete conditions of medical care. About our results, this legal analysis reveals two distinct dimensions of the links that unite law and \u201cgynecological and obstetrical violence\u201d. The law first appeared as a preventive tool which, unfortunately, is still often unknown or misunderstood. To the law seen as a tool of prevention, corresponds, almost in mirror form, to the law as an instrument of sanction, from which limits were observed in the research. This inventory of the law applicable to \u00ab\u00a0gynecological and obstetrical violence\u00a0\u00bb opens up prospects both in terms of strengthening the autonomy of patients and the free choice of the practitioner, for better prevention of reported situations of violence but also in terms of renewing sanctions. Indeed, if legal mechanisms exist to apprehend and sanction certain faults of health professionals, they are often unknown and procedural obstacles are likely to limit their application<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","disciplines":[114],"collections":[119],"publication_tag":[2887,2888,2889,2885,2886],"auteurs":[2893,417],"class_list":["post-10724","publications","type-publications","status-publish","hentry","disciplines-droit","collections-rapports-de-recherche","publication_tag-atteinte-a-lintegrite","publication_tag-consentement","publication_tag-responsabilites","publication_tag-violences-gynecologiques","publication_tag-violences-obstetricales","auteurs-anne-simon","auteurs-elsa-supiot"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n