Dans un contexte de mixisation croissante \u00e0 l’\u0153uvre depuis les ann\u00e9es 1990 au sein des prisons en France tant du c\u00f4t\u00e9 des personnels que du c\u00f4t\u00e9 des personnes d\u00e9tenues, cette recherche documente et interroge ce processus, pour en saisir les enjeux et mesurer les transformations et les r\u00e9sistances associ\u00e9es. \u00c0 partir d\u2019une d\u00e9marche interdisciplinaire (droit, sociologie, socio-\u00e9conomie), l\u2019enqu\u00eate men\u00e9e dans quatorze \u00e9tablissements p\u00e9nitentiaires s\u2019est appuy\u00e9e sur un travail documentaire, une analyse juridique, une mobilisation des outils de la m\u00e9thode architecturale et l\u2019articulation de m\u00e9thodes qualitatives (entretiens et observations) et quantitatives (questionnaires). Elle a permis d\u2019identifier trois dimensions dans la mise en \u0153uvre de la mixit\u00e9 genr\u00e9e en d\u00e9tention. Nous avons d\u2019abord \u00e9tudi\u00e9 la mixit\u00e9 des personnels et la division genr\u00e9e du travail \u00e0 laquelle elle conduit. Nous avons ensuite \u00e9tudi\u00e9 les interactions mixtes entre personnes d\u00e9tenues, pour prendre la mesure du principe g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de non-mixit\u00e9 et de ses exceptions. Notre recherche s\u2019est enfin port\u00e9e sur les (petits) arrangements des acteurs et actrices du monde carc\u00e9ral avec le principe de s\u00e9paration des sexes. Il y a incontestablement une volont\u00e9 institutionnelle de mixisation de la prison, laquelle r\u00e9pond \u00e0 deux enjeux essentiels : celui de l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 professionnelle des femmes et des hommes et celui de l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 d\u2019acc\u00e8s des personnes d\u00e9tenues au service public p\u00e9nitentiaire. Cette volont\u00e9 se heurte toutefois, en interne, \u00e0 des obstacles de plusieurs ordres : le poids des repr\u00e9sentations sociales, le poids des contraintes mat\u00e9rielles et les attentes des personnes d\u00e9tenues. La mise en \u0153uvre de la mixit\u00e9 \u00e9chappe ainsi largement aux acteurs et actrices du monde carc\u00e9ral. Elle est aussi pour partie le r\u00e9sultat de contraintes pesant lourdement sur les choix en mesure d\u2019\u00eatre faits. Organiser la mixit\u00e9 ou la non mixit\u00e9 suppose donc de repenser les lieux de d\u00e9tention et le recours \u00e0 l\u2019incarc\u00e9ration, comme c\u2019est le cas dans d\u2019autres syst\u00e8mes p\u00e9nitentiaires europ\u00e9ens (Espagne ou Belgique). Or, cette question en France est loin d\u2019\u00eatre inscrite \u00e0 l\u2019agenda de l\u2019action publique. L\u2019approfondissement de la mixit\u00e9 se heurte aussi \u00e0 des obstacles structurels et ext\u00e9rieurs au milieu carc\u00e9ral : comment envisager une d\u00e9construction de l\u2019ordre du genre en d\u00e9tention alors qu\u2019il est aussi pr\u00e9gnant au-dehors ? Prendre ces questions en consid\u00e9ration est essentiel, \u00e0 deux titres. D\u2019abord, pour ne pas faire de la mixit\u00e9 en prison une simple politique d\u2019affichage, nullement accompagn\u00e9e par les dispositifs de mise en \u0153uvre concr\u00e8te \u00e0 destination des personnels et des personnes d\u00e9tenues. Ensuite, pour ne pas \u00e9riger la prison au rang d\u2019institution sp\u00e9cifique : la prison n\u2019est que le miroir grossissant des rapports sociaux de sexe qui traversent la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 dans son ensemble.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Cette recherche est issue de l\u2019appel \u00e0 projet lanc\u00e9 sur le th\u00e8me\u00a0: la mixit\u00e9 en prison <\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n In a context of increasing gender-mixing in French prisons since the 1990s, on both the staff and inmate sides, this research documents and investigates this process, in order to understand the issues at stake and measure the associated transformations and resistance. Using an interdisciplinary approach (law, sociology, socio-economics), this survey conducted in fourteen prisons was based on documentary work, legal analysis, the mobilization of architectural method tools and the articulation of qualitative (interviews and observations) and quantitative (questionnaires) methods. The study identified three dimensions in the implementation of gender mixing in detention. Firstly, we studied the mixing of staff and the gendered division of labor to which it leads. We then studied mixed interactions between detainees, to assess the general principle of non-mixity and its exceptions. Finally, our research focused on the (small) arrangements made by prison actors with the principle of gender separation. There is undoubtedly an institutional desire to promote gender mixing in prisons, which responds to two key challenges: equality between men and women in the workplace, and equal access for prisoners to the public prison service. However, internally, this desire comes up against a number of obstacles: the weight of social representations, the weight of material constraints and the expectations of inmates. Implementing gender mixing is therefore largely beyond the control of prison staff. It is also partly the result of constraints that weigh heavily on the choices that can be made. Organizing gender-mixing or not, therefore, requires a rethinking of detention facilities and of the use of incarceration, as is the case in other European penitentiary systems (Spain and Belgium). In France, however, this issue is far from being on the public agenda. Increasing gender mixing also comes up against structural obstacles outside the prison environment: how can we envisage deconstructing the gender order in prison when it is just as prevalent outside? Taking these issues into consideration is essential, for two reasons. Firstly, to ensure that gender mixing in prisons does not become a mere display policy, unaccompanied by concrete implementation measures for staff and inmates alike. Secondly, to ensure that prisons are not treated as specific institutions: prisons are merely a mirror of the gender relations that permeate society as a whole<\/p>\n<\/details>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","disciplines":[2890,115],"collections":[119],"publication_tag":[3083,158,3085,3086,3082,3081,1784,638,2990,3084,1750],"auteurs":[3079,3080,1046,888],"class_list":["post-14536","publications","type-publications","status-publish","hentry","disciplines-economie","disciplines-sociologie","collections-rapports-de-recherche","publication_tag-egalite-2","publication_tag-genre","publication_tag-identite-professionnelle-2","publication_tag-mineures","publication_tag-mixite","publication_tag-organisation-penitentiaire","publication_tag-personnes-detenues","publication_tag-prison","publication_tag-reinsertion","publication_tag-transgenres","publication_tag-violences-sexuelles","auteurs-anais-henneguelle","auteurs-anne-jennequin","auteurs-coline-cardi","auteurs-corinne-rostaing"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnglish version – R\u00e9sum\u00e9 en anglais<\/summary>\n