{"id":1807,"date":"2022-01-21T15:42:00","date_gmt":"2022-01-21T14:42:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/fr\/?post_type=publications&#038;p=1807"},"modified":"2026-04-24T16:07:04","modified_gmt":"2026-04-24T14:07:04","slug":"notariat-et-numerique","status":"publish","type":"publications","link":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/fr\/publications\/notariat-et-numerique\/","title":{"rendered":"Notariat et num\u00e9rique. Le cybernotaire au c\u0153ur de la r\u00e9publique num\u00e9rique"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-2e86bdd2-5b2e-4ee4-aeb1-a0003caf8732\" href=\"https:\/\/ierdj.fra1.digitaloceanspaces.com\/media_library\/2022\/02\/17.36_NOTARIAT_NUMERIQUE_SR_VF23.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">17.36_synth\u00e8se<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-4c06220b-2777-401c-89c7-6321e6ce9f02\" href=\"https:\/\/ierdj.fra1.digitaloceanspaces.com\/media_library\/2022\/02\/17.36_Notariat_nume%CC%81rique_Rapport-final_Version-impression_RR94.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">17.36_rapport<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Depuis plus de deux d\u00e9cennies, le notariat est confront\u00e9 \u00e0 la r\u00e9volution num\u00e9rique. Si les aspects juridiques de la transformation impliqu\u00e9e par cette r\u00e9volution ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tudi\u00e9s en eux-m\u00eames et pour eux-m\u00eames, il restait encore \u00e0 les mettre en relation avec le notariat comme profession. Le num\u00e9rique a-t-il, et le cas \u00e9ch\u00e9ant, comment, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire selon quelles voies et dans quelle mesure, transform\u00e9 la profession notariale&nbsp;? Pour le mettre au jour, le choix m\u00e9thodologique est d\u2019adopter une double d\u00e9marche \u00e0 la fois institutionnelle et empirique.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>L\u2019approche institutionnelle retrace la fabrique du cybernotaire<\/strong>&nbsp;par les instances notariales sous l\u2019effet des politiques num\u00e9riques qu\u2019elles ont initi\u00e9es, depuis la fin des ann\u00e9es 1990. Loin d\u2019avoir submerg\u00e9 le notariat, la vague num\u00e9rique ma\u00eetris\u00e9e par les instances a non seulement permis de transposer le service public de l\u2019authenticit\u00e9 dans le monde num\u00e9rique mais elle l\u2019a \u00e9galement enrichi. Devenu un acteur central du service public de la publicit\u00e9 fonci\u00e8re, d\u00e9sormais d\u00e9mat\u00e9rialis\u00e9e, il est aujourd\u2019hui \u00e9galement en charge d\u2019un nouveau service public, de diffusion des donn\u00e9es immobili\u00e8res.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019approche institutionnelle r\u00e9v\u00e8le \u00e9galement les rapports et les enjeux de pouvoir li\u00e9s \u00e0 la transformation num\u00e9rique du notariat. Est alors mise en \u00e9vidence la construction d\u2019un \u00e9cosyst\u00e8me num\u00e9rique \u00e0 l\u2019architecture f\u00e9odale, tiss\u00e9 de liens de d\u00e9pendance complexes, entre le notariat et les entreprises priv\u00e9es de services du num\u00e9rique. Au-del\u00e0, le num\u00e9rique place au premier rang des enjeux de souverainet\u00e9 et de confiance publique li\u00e9s \u00e0 la qualit\u00e9 d\u2019officier public du notaire. Ils invitent \u00e0 repenser l\u2019articulation des politiques publiques de l\u2019\u00c9tat avec les politiques num\u00e9riques du notariat et \u00e0 anticiper l\u2019\u00e9mergence de la figure d\u2019un notaire phygital.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>L\u2019approche empirique dresse un \u00e9tat des pratiques num\u00e9riques et de leurs perceptions par les acteurs des offices et identifie les politiques digitales des offices notariaux<\/strong>, \u00e0 partir d\u2019enqu\u00eates men\u00e9es dans les Hauts-de-Seine. Deux enqu\u00eates qualitatives analysent l\u2019influence du num\u00e9rique sur la vie des offices ainsi que l\u2019accueil m\u00e9nag\u00e9 aux actes \u00e0 distance mis en place pendant la crise sanitaire. Deux autres, essentiellement quantitatives, diffus\u00e9es par voie de questionnaires num\u00e9riques, ont donn\u00e9 la parole \u00e0 l\u2019ensemble des membres des offices, et pas seulement aux notaires, afin de donner l\u2019image la plus compl\u00e8te et fid\u00e8le possible des pratiques. Il ressort de ces enqu\u00eates que, si les mutations ne suscitent pas l\u2019adh\u00e9sion de tous, le choix des instances d\u2019embrasser r\u00e9solument la r\u00e9volution num\u00e9rique est tr\u00e8s largement approuv\u00e9. Elles permettent surtout de mettre en \u00e9vidence deux ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes majeurs. D\u2019une part, si la r\u00e9volution num\u00e9rique conduit \u00e0 une forme d\u2019uniformisation des pratiques au sein de la profession, les acteurs \u00e9tant soumis aux m\u00eames contraintes techniques et r\u00e9glementaires et d\u00e9pendants de fournisseurs en situation d\u2019oligopole, elle favorise \u00e9galement le d\u00e9veloppement d\u2019un notariat \u00e0 deux vitesses&nbsp;: les grandes structures semblent davantage mobiliser certains outils, ce qui conforte le diagnostic selon lequel l\u2019engagement dans l\u2019ensemble des potentialit\u00e9s du num\u00e9rique exige des investissements qui ne sont pas accessibles \u00e0 tous mais aussi relativise le sentiment r\u00e9pandu selon lequel les cr\u00e9ateurs d\u2019office seraient plus enclins \u00e0 se d\u00e9velopper \u00e0 travers les outils num\u00e9riques. D\u2019autre part, elles r\u00e9v\u00e8lent l\u2019apparition d\u2019une culture num\u00e9rique propre au notariat, faite d\u2019un subtil \u00e9quilibre entre engagement dans les \u00e9volutions digitales de l\u2019acte notari\u00e9 et pr\u00e9servation de ce qui fait l\u2019identit\u00e9 de la profession&nbsp;: l\u2019authenticit\u00e9.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-orange-color\">Cette recherche est issue de l&rsquo;appel \u00e0 projet sur le th\u00e8me : Droit, justice et num\u00e9rique<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/fr\/actualites\/notariat-et-numerique-le-cybernotaire-au-coeur-de-la-republique-numerique\/\">Interview des chercheurs ICI<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>English version below \/ R\u00e9sum\u00e9 en anglais <\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For more than two decades, the notarial profession has been confronted with the digital revolution. While the legal aspects of the transformation brought about by this revolution have been studied in their own right, they had yet to be connected to the notarial profession as such. Has digital technology transformed the notarial profession, and if so, how\u2014that is, through what channels and to what extent? To address this question, the methodological choice is to adopt a dual approach, both institutional and empirical.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The institutional approach traces the development of the \u201ccyber-notary\u201d by notarial bodies under the influence of the digital policies they have implemented since the late 1990s. Far from overwhelming the profession, the digital wave\u2014carefully managed by these institutions\u2014not only enabled the transposition of the public service of authenticity into the digital realm, but also enriched it. Having become a central actor in the now dematerialized public service of land registration, the notarial profession is today also responsible for a new public service: the dissemination of real estate data.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The institutional approach also highlights the power dynamics and stakes associated with the digital transformation of the notarial profession. It reveals the construction of a digital ecosystem with a quasi-feudal architecture, woven from complex interdependencies between the notarial profession and private digital service companies. More broadly, digital technology brings to the forefront issues of sovereignty and public trust linked to the notary\u2019s status as a public officer. These developments call for a rethinking of the relationship between state public policies and the notarial profession\u2019s digital strategies, as well as anticipation of the emergence of a \u201cphygital\u201d notary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The empirical approach provides an overview of digital practices and how they are perceived by actors within notarial offices, and identifies the digital policies implemented by these offices, based on surveys conducted in the Hauts-de-Seine department. Two qualitative surveys analyze the influence of digital technology on office life, as well as the reception of remote notarized acts introduced during the health crisis. Two additional, primarily quantitative surveys, distributed via digital questionnaires, gave a voice to all members of notarial offices\u2014not only notaries\u2014in order to provide the most comprehensive and accurate picture of practices. The findings show that, although these changes do not receive unanimous support, the decision by notarial institutions to fully embrace the digital revolution is widely approved. Above all, they highlight two major phenomena. On the one hand, while the digital revolution leads to a certain standardization of practices within the profession\u2014since actors are subject to the same technical and regulatory constraints and depend on suppliers operating in an oligopolistic market\u2014it also fosters the emergence of a two-tier notarial system. Larger firms appear to make greater use of certain tools, reinforcing the observation that fully leveraging digital potential requires investments that are not accessible to all, while also qualifying the widespread belief that newly established offices are more inclined to develop through digital tools. On the other hand, the findings reveal the emergence of a digital culture specific to the notarial profession, characterized by a subtle balance between embracing digital developments in notarized acts and preserving what defines the profession\u2019s identity: authenticity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This research stems from a call for projects on the theme: \u201cLaw, Justice, and Digital Technology.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","disciplines":[],"collections":[119],"publication_tag":[66,67],"auteurs":[64,62,65],"class_list":["post-1807","publications","type-publications","status-publish","hentry","collections-rapports-de-recherche","publication_tag-notariat","publication_tag-numerique","auteurs-corine-dauchez","auteurs-manuella-bourassin","auteurs-marc-pichard"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Notariat et num\u00e9rique.<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Notariat et num\u00e9rique. 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