{"id":2299,"date":"2019-07-03T10:58:00","date_gmt":"2019-07-03T08:58:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/fr\/?post_type=publications&p=2299"},"modified":"2025-12-12T11:11:57","modified_gmt":"2025-12-12T10:11:57","slug":"les-rapports-des-citoyens-a-la-justice-experiences-et-representations","status":"publish","type":"publications","link":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/fr\/publications\/les-rapports-des-citoyens-a-la-justice-experiences-et-representations\/","title":{"rendered":"Les rapports des citoyens \u00e0 la justice : exp\u00e9riences et repr\u00e9sentations"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Cette recherche porte sur les repr\u00e9sentations et exp\u00e9riences des citoyen\u00b7nes \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9gard de la justice et du syst\u00e8me judiciaire. Elle rend compte de la pluralit\u00e9 des exp\u00e9riences, des repr\u00e9sentations de la justice, et des rapports au droit et \u00e0 la justice – que cette diversit\u00e9 rel\u00e8ve des caract\u00e9ristiques des enqu\u00eat\u00e9\u00b7es ou des types de contentieux, de juridiction et de professionnel\u00b7les ou interm\u00e9diaires auxquel\u00b7les les personnes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 confront\u00e9es.
Con\u00e7u par une \u00e9quipe pluridisciplinaire associant politistes, sociologues et juristes pratiquant les sciences sociales, le cadre th\u00e9orique s\u2019appuie sur la sociologie de la r\u00e9ception de l\u2019action publique, la sociologie des repr\u00e9sentations, ainsi que les recherches sur les legal consciousness studies<\/em>. Le protocole de recherche, quant \u00e0 lui, articule des m\u00e9thodes d\u2019enqu\u00eate qualitatives et quantitatives : la r\u00e9alisation d\u2019entretiens collectifs (80 personnes ayant eu ou non affaire \u00e0 la justice r\u00e9parties en 17 groupes de discussion men\u00e9s entre 2015 et 2017) d\u2019une part et l\u2019administration d\u2019un questionnaire aupr\u00e8s d\u2019un \u00e9chantillon de 2 800 personnes repr\u00e9sentatives de la population fran\u00e7aise, d\u2019autre part. Alors que les focus groups permettent d\u2019\u00e9tablir certaines des modalit\u00e9s d\u2019\u00e9laboration et d\u2019expression d\u2019un jugement public sur la justice, les r\u00e9ponses au questionnaire permettent de pr\u00e9ciser les facteurs qui influencent les jugements port\u00e9s sur celle-ci, et d\u2019identifier des rapports au droit et \u00e0 la justice, ainsi que des variables explicatives de ces derniers.
Les r\u00e9sultats issus du croisement de ces m\u00e9thodes portent \u00e0 la fois sur les rapports de confiance et de d\u00e9fiance \u00e0 la justice et \u00e0 l\u2019ordre institutionnel ; les finalit\u00e9s attribu\u00e9es \u00e0 la justice et aux peines, la place de cette institution dans nos soci\u00e9t\u00e9s, les attentes \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9gard du syst\u00e8me judiciaire et des personnes, professionnel\u00b7les ou pas, qui rendent la justice ; le r\u00f4le des images et de l\u2019expression des \u00e9motions dans la r\u00e9ception de la justice ; le sentiment de justice et d\u2019injustice, les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s ressenties dans l\u2019acc\u00e8s au droit et au syst\u00e8me judiciaire, les traitements policiers et les d\u00e9cisions judiciaires ; ce qui met en tension et transforme les rapports au droit, qu\u2019il s\u2019agisse des inflexions ou ruptures dans les parcours biographiques ou des exp\u00e9riences judiciaires. Au-del\u00e0 des r\u00e9sultats empiriquement fond\u00e9s sur ces th\u00e9matiques, ce travail apporte des contributions th\u00e9oriques qui d\u00e9passent les sociologies sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es de la justice ou de la police pour s\u2019int\u00e9resser aux rapports entre gouvernants et gouvern\u00e9\u00b7es.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

English version below \/ R\u00e9sum\u00e9 en anglais<\/summary>\n

This research focuses on the representations and experiences of citizens with regard to justice and the judicial system. It takes into account the plurality of experiences, representations of justice, and relationships with the law and justice – whether this diversity is due to the characteristics of the respondents or to the types of litigation, jurisdictions, and professionals or intermediaries with whom the individuals have been confronted.
Designed by a multidisciplinary team of political scientists, sociologists and jurists practicing social sciences, the theoretical framework is based on the sociology of the reception of public action, the sociology of representations, as well as research on legal consciousness studies. As for the research protocol, it articulates qualitative and quantitative survey methods: the realization of collective interviews (80 people who have or have not had dealings with the justice system divided into 17 focus groups conducted between 2015 and 2017) on the one hand, and the administration of a questionnaire to a sample of 2,800 people representative of the French population, on the other hand. While the focus groups make it possible to establish some of the ways in which public judgments about justice are made and expressed, the responses to the questionnaire make it possible to specify the factors that influence the judgments made about justice, and to identify relationships to law and justice, as well as the variables that explain them.
The results of the cross-referencing of these methods concern both the relationships of trust and distrust in justice and the institutional order; the purposes attributed to justice and punishment, the place of this institution in our societies, the expectations with regard to the judicial system and the people, professional or not, who deliver justice; the role of images and the expression of emotions in the reception of justice; the feeling of justice and injustice, the inequalities felt in the access to the law and to the judicial system, the police treatment and the judicial decisions; what puts in tension and transforms the relationships to the law, whether it is about inflexions or ruptures in the biographical paths or the judicial experiences Beyond the empirically based results on these themes, this work makes theoretical contributions that go beyond the specialized sociologies of justice or the police to look at the relationships between the governors and the governed.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n

17.48_synth\u00e8se<\/a>T\u00e9l\u00e9charger<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n
17.48_rapport<\/a>T\u00e9l\u00e9charger<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Interview : Les rapports des citoyens \u00e0 la justice : exp\u00e9riences et repr\u00e9sentations<\/strong> par C\u00e9cile VIGOUR<\/p>\n\n\n\n