{"id":6791,"date":"2021-09-08T18:11:00","date_gmt":"2021-09-08T16:11:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/fr\/?post_type=publications&#038;p=6791"},"modified":"2025-03-06T17:10:18","modified_gmt":"2025-03-06T16:10:18","slug":"les-rapports-des-citoyen-nes-a-la-justice-experiences-representations-et-receptions","status":"publish","type":"publications","link":"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/fr\/publications\/les-rapports-des-citoyen-nes-a-la-justice-experiences-representations-et-receptions\/","title":{"rendered":"Les rapports des citoyen.nes \u00e0 la justice exp\u00e9riences, repr\u00e9sentations et r\u00e9ceptions"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Comment les citoyennes et citoyens se repr\u00e9sentent-ils la justice et son fonctionnement ? Alors que les justiciables constituent un angle mort des \u00e9tudes actuelles sur la justice, cette recherche, con\u00e7ue par une \u00e9quipe pluridisciplinaire associant politistes, sociologues et juristes, rend compte de la pluralit\u00e9 des exp\u00e9riences, des repr\u00e9sentations de la justice, et des rapports au droit, \u00e0 la justice et \u00e0 la police. Premier enseignement : les enqu\u00eat\u00e9\u00b7es font part d\u2019un attachement ambivalent \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9gard de la justice. Consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme une condition du vivre ensemble, l\u2019autorit\u00e9 de la justice est globalement reconnue et accept\u00e9e. Les attentes \u00e0 son \u00e9gard sont toutefois id\u00e9alis\u00e9es et entra\u00eenent des d\u00e9ceptions et sentiments n\u00e9gatifs : justice trop rapide par exemple dans le cas des comparutions imm\u00e9diates ou trop lente lorsqu\u2019il s\u2019agit de d\u00e9cider des modalit\u00e9s de garde d\u2019un enfant. Les entretiens montrent un fort d\u00e9calage entre ce que le droit permet (la r\u00e9solution de litiges par une tech-nique juridique parfois complexe) et les attentes des justiciables qui veulent que l\u2019humain, l\u2019individu, sa singularit\u00e9 soient pris en compte et demandent des marques d\u2019empathie et d\u2019\u00e9coute. Celles et ceux qui ont eu affaire \u00e0 la justice se sont sentis plus spectateurs qu\u2019acteurs de leur proc\u00e8s \u2013 objets et non sujets de droit. Cette critique vise magistrat\u00b7es et avocat\u00b7es. Enfin il est reproch\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019institution judiciaire de reproduire, voire d\u2019aggraver les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s sociales. Si la confiance dans l\u2019institution est globalement satisfaisante, les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s d\u2019acc\u00e8s au droit et au syst\u00e8me judiciaire sont relev\u00e9es. Les repr\u00e9sentations de la justice p\u00e9nale offrent un net contraste entre les conceptions abstraites qui d\u00e9noncent une cl\u00e9mence excessive et les attitudes adopt\u00e9es face \u00e0 des cas concrets qui marquent par la moindre punitivit\u00e9 des ci-toyen\u00b7nes. S\u2019inscrivant dans le cadre des travaux sur les&nbsp;<em>legal consciousness studies<\/em>&nbsp;(\u00e9tudes sur la conscience du droit), quatre types de rapport au droit et \u00e0 la justice sont identifi\u00e9s : les personnes \u00ab d\u00e9fiantes \u00bb qui ont majoritairement exp\u00e9riment\u00e9 le syst\u00e8me judiciaire et s\u2019en m\u00e9fient ; les personnes qui se per\u00e7oivent comme \u00ab ill\u00e9gitimes \u00bb, au sens o\u00f9 elles expriment une relative confiance mais ne se sentent pas com-p\u00e9tentes pour se prononcer ; les personnes \u00ab confiantes distantes \u00bb qui se d\u00e9clarent satisfaites du syst\u00e8me judiciaire tout en ne souhaitant pas y avoir affaire et les personnes \u00ab l\u00e9gitimistes \u00bb qui \u00e9prouvent une grande confiance et satisfaction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/institutrobertbadinter.fr\/fr\/publications\/les-rapports-des-citoyens-a-la-justice-experiences-et-representations\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Voir la recherche n\u00b017.48 \u00ab\u00a0Les rapports des citoyens \u00e0 la justice : exp\u00e9riences et repr\u00e9sentations\u00a0\u00bb<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","disciplines":[],"collections":[1531],"publication_tag":[132,131,122],"auteurs":[1598],"class_list":["post-6791","publications","type-publications","status-publish","hentry","collections-actu-recherche","publication_tag-citoyennes","publication_tag-image","publication_tag-representation","auteurs-ierdj"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Les rapports des citoyen.nes \u00e0 la justice exp\u00e9riences, repr\u00e9sentations et r\u00e9ceptions - INSTITUT ROBERT BADINTER<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Comment les citoyennes et citoyens se repr\u00e9sentent-ils la justice et son fonctionnement ? 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